After ‘Brown v. Board of Education’: Portraits of Integration, Virginia, 1959

The United States Supreme Court landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision in 1954 that declared “separate educational facilities are inherently unequal,” setting the stage for the desegregation of all of America’s public schools. But integration didn’t happen overnight. In fact, in many places around the country, it took years.

The most often cited and arguably the most memorable integration battle took place in 1957, in Arkansas, when the Little Rock Nine entered high school—after President Dwight Eisenhower federalized the Arkansas National Guard and, incredibly, sent in troops from the storied 101st Airborne to ensure the teens’ safety. But the drama and tension so evident in Little Rock also played out—albeit with less firepower on hand—in schools around the country for years after Brown v. Board of Education.

Here, LIFE.com remembers one of those post-Little Rock battles: the integration of high schools in Virginia five long years after the Supreme Court’s unanimous ruling. In February 1959, the state’s governor, J. Lindsay Almond, reluctantly abandoned his carefully choreographed “massive resistance” to integration—including the closing of schools and keeping thousands of kids out of class in an attempt to forestall desegregation. Shortly thereafter, 21 African-American students began attending classes in Norfolk and Arlington. LIFE photographers Paul Schutzer and Ed Clark were there, in Norfolk, when 17 of those students made history.

LIFE’s coverage of the integration of the Norfolk schools painted a relatively rosy picture of what the magazine called the “calm and hopeful integration start” in Virginia.

“The peaceful transition,” LIFE wrote in its Feb. 16, 1959, issue, “went a long way to restore the climate of inevitability of integration in the South, which had been badly disturbed a year and half ago by violence and diehard defiance in Little Rock.” (That same issue of LIFE, unfortunately, also repeatedly misidentified one of the Norfolk students, 15-year-old Louis Cousins, as “Lewis” Cousins.)

Despite LIFE’s optimistic characterization of the “peaceful transition,” it’s worth noting that many of the students later recalled their experiences as hurtful, isolating and confusing, even if they kept up a brave front for the cameras — and, perhaps more importantly, for their white peers.

All these years later, their courage still astounds.

Seventeen of the African American students who were ordered admitted to white schools in Norfolk, Va., pose for a photo at a church where they had been getting private schooling, 1959.

Seventeen of the African American students who were ordered admitted to white schools in Norfolk, Va., posed for a photo at a church where they had been getting private schooling, 1959. Upper row: Andrew Heidelberg, Louis Cousins, Patricia Godbolt, Carol Wellington, Reginald Young, Freddy Gonsouland, Edward Jordan, Olivia Driver; lower row: Betty Jean Reed, Johnnie Rouse, Delores Johnson, LaVera Forbes, James Turner Jr., Lolita Portis, Patricia Turner, Claudia Wellington, Geraldine Talley.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Betty Jean Reed, the only black student at Granby High School in Norfolk, Va., 1959

Betty Jean Reed was the only black student at Granby High School in Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Betty Jean Reed, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Betty Jean Reed, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Alone in line, Betty Jean Reed tensely waits for lunch at Granby High cafeteria as other students ignore her.

Alone in line, Betty Jean Reed tensely waited for lunch at Granby High cafeteria as other students ignored her.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Betty Jean Reed, Granby High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Betty Jean Reed, Granby High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Betty Jean Reed on the phone with a friend during her first week as the only African American student at Granby High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Betty Jean Reed talked on the phone with a friend during her first week as the only African American student at Granby High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Betty Jean Reed studies at home, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Betty Jean Reed studied at home, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Granby High School student Betty Jean Reed and her mother, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Granby High School student Betty Jean Reed and her mother, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Six of the "Norfolk 17" -- students who integrated Virginia schools in 1959: Lower row: LaVera Forbes, Freddy Gonsouland, Johnnie Rouse; upper row: Lolita Portis, James Turner Jr., Claudia Wellington.

Six of the “Norfolk 17” students who integrated Virginia schools in 1959: Lower row: LaVera Forbes, Freddy Gonsouland, Johnnie Rouse; upper row: Lolita Portis, James Turner Jr., Claudia Wellington.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Crush of journalists covering desegregation of Norfolk schools, 1959.

Journalists covered the desegregation of Norfolk schools, 1959.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Desegregation of Norfolk, Va., public school, 1959.

Desegregation of Norfolk, Va., public school, 1959.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Desegregation of Norfolk, Va., public school, 1959. Students: Olivia Driver, Freddy Gonsouland.

Desegregation of Norfolk, Va., public school, 1959. Students: Olivia Driver, Freddy Gonsouland.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Three of the "Norfolk 17" -- students who integrated Virginia schools in 1959: (l-r) Delores Johnson, Reginald Young, Carol Wellington.

Three of the “Norfolk 17” students who integrated Virginia schools in 1959: (left to right) Delores Johnson, Reginald Young, Carol Wellington.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Patricia Godbolt eats lunch alone, Norview High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Patricia Godbolt ate lunch alone, Norview High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Journalists covering desegregation of Norfolk schools, 1959.

Journalists covered the desegregation of Norfolk schools, 1959.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Desegregation of Norfolk, Va., public school, 1959. Students: Freddy Gonsouland, Patricia Godbolt.

Desegregation of Norfolk, Va., public school, 1959. Students: Freddy Gonsouland, Patricia Godbolt.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Six of the "Norfolk 17" -- students who integrated Virginia schools in 1959: Lower row: Patricia Godbolt, Andrew Heidelberg, Olivia Driver; upper row: Geraldine Talley, Edward Jordan, Patricia Turner.

Six of the “Norfolk 17” students who integrated Virginia schools in 1959: Lower row: Patricia Godbolt, Andrew Heidelberg, Olivia Driver; upper row: Geraldine Talley, Edward Jordan, Patricia Turner.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Fifteen-year-old Louis Cousins, the only black student to attend Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Fifteen-year-old Louis Cousins, the only black student to attend Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Fifteen-year-old Louis Cousins, the only black student to attend Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Fifteen-year-old Louis Cousins, the only black student to attend Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Fifteen-year-old Louis Cousins, Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Fifteen-year-old Louis Cousins, Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Louis Cousins orders lunch in cafeteria at newly desegregated Maury high school, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Louis Cousins ordered lunch in cafeteria at newly desegregated Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

White student stops to speak with Louis Cousins at newly desegregated Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

A white student stopped to speak with Louis Cousins at newly desegregated Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Paul Schutzer The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Fifteen-year-old Louis Cousins, the only black student to attend Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Fifteen-year-old Louis Cousins, the only black student to attend Maury High School, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Alveraze "Freddy" Gonsouland (hand on cheek) at home with his half-brother and mother, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Alveraze “Freddy” Gonsouland (hand on cheek) at home with his half-brother and mother, Norfolk, Va., 1959.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Practicing at home, integrated pupils Alveraze Gonsouland and half-brother toss ball.

At home, integrated pupils Alveraze Gonsouland and half-brother tossed a ball.

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Freddy Gonsouland, reading his Spanish lesson, said he was “studying like never before.”

Ed Clark The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Faces of the American Dead in Vietnam: One Week’s Toll, June 1969

In June 1969, LIFE magazine published a feature that remains as moving and, in some quarters, as controversial as it was when it intensified a nation’s soul-searching 45 years ago. On the cover was the image of a young man and 11 stark words: “The Faces of the American Dead in Vietnam: One Week’s Toll.” Inside, across 10 funereal pages, LIFE published picture after picture and name after name of 242 young men killed in seven days halfway around the world “in connection with the conflict in Vietnam.”

To no one’s surprise, the public’s response was immediate, and visceral. Some readers expressed amazement, in light of the thousands of American deaths suffered in a war with no end in sight, that it took so long for LIFE to produce something as dramatic and pointed as “One Week’s Toll.” Others were outraged that the magazine was, as one reader saw it, “supporting the antiwar demonstrators who are traitors to this country.” Still others perhaps the vast majority were quietly and disconsolately devastated.

Here, LIFE.com republishes every picture and every name that originally appeared in that extraordinary 1969 feature. Below is the text, in full, that not only accompanied portraits of those killed, but also explained why LIFE chose to publish “One Week’s Dead” when it did and in the manner that it did.

From the June 27, 1969, issue of LIFE:

The faces shown on the next pages are the faces of American men killed, in the words of the official announcement of their deaths, “in connection with the conflict in Vietnam.” The names, 242 of them, were released on May 28 through June 3 [1969], a span of no special significance except that it includes Memorial Day. The numbers of the dead are average for any seven-day period during this stage of the war.

It is not the intention of this article to speak for the dead. We cannot tell with any precision what they thought of the political currents which drew them across the world. From the letters of some, it is possible to tell they felt strongly that they should be in Vietnam, that they had great sympathy for the Vietnamese people and were appalled at their enormous suffering. Some had voluntarily extended their tours of combat duty; some were desperate to come home. Their families provided most of these photographs, and many expressed their own feelings that their sons and husbands died in a necessary cause. Yet in a time when the numbers of Americans killed in this war—36,000—though far less than the Vietnamese losses, have exceeded the dead in the Korean War, when the nation continues week after week to be numbed by a three-digit statistic which is translated to direct anguish in hundreds of homes all over the country, we must pause to look into the faces. More than we must know how many, we must know who. The faces of one week’s dead, unknown but to families and friends, are suddenly recognized by all in this gallery of young American eyes.

Here are some of the reactions from readers, published in the August 18, 1969, issue of LIFE an issue in which the entire Letters section of the magazine was given over to responses to “One Week’s Dead”:

“Your story was the most eloquent and meaningful statement on the wastefulness and stupidity of war I have ever read.” From a reader in California

“Certainly these tragic young men were far superior to the foreign policy they were called upon to defend.” From a U.S. Marine Corps Captain (resigned)

“I feel you are supporting the antiwar demonstrators who are traitors to this country. You are helping them and therefore belong to this group.” From a reader in Texas

“I cried for those Southern black soldiers. What did they die for? Tar paper shacks, malnutrition, unemployment and degradation?” From a reader in Ohio

“While looking at the photographs I was shocked to see the smiling face of someone I used to know. He was only 19 years old. I guess I never realized that 19-year-olds have to die.” From a reader in Georgia

“I felt I was staring into the eyes of the 11 troopers from my platoon who were killed while fighting for a cause they couldn’t understand.” From a Marine second lieutenant in New Jersey who commanded a rifle platoon in Vietnam

LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969, featuring a portrait of U.S. Army specialist William C. Gearing, Jr., one of 242 American servicemen killed in a single week of fighting during the Vietnam War.

LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969, featuring a portrait of U.S. Army specialist William C. Gearing, Jr., one of 242 American servicemen killed in a single week of fighting during the Vietnam War.

Joseph L. Rhodes, 22, Marines, L. Cpl., Memphis, Tenn.

Joseph L. Rhodes, 22, Marines, L. Cpl., Memphis, Tenn.

Life Pictures

Michael C. Volheim, 20, Army, SP4, Hayward, Calif.

Michael C. Volheim, 20, Army, SP4, Hayward, Calif.

Life Pictures

Craig E. Yates, 18, Army, Pfc., Sparta, Mich.

Craig E. Yates, 18, Army, Pfc., Sparta, Mich.

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Ramon L. Vazquez Nieves, 21, Army, Pfc., Puetro Nuevo, P.R.

Ramon L. Vazquez Nieves, 21, Army, Pfc., Puetro Nuevo, P.R.

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Robert E. Layman, 20, Army, WO1, Poquonock, Conn.

Robert E. Layman, 20, Army, WO1, Poquonock, Conn.

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Calvin R. Patrick, 18, Army, Pfc., Houston, Texas

Calvin R. Patrick, 18, Army, Pfc., Houston, Texas

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Valentine Dwornik, 20, Army, SP4, Detroit, Mich.

Valentine Dwornik, 20, Army, SP4, Detroit, Mich.

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Bruce Saunders, 21, Army, 2nd Lt., Queens, N.Y.

Bruce Saunders, 21, Army, 2nd Lt., Queens, N.Y.

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Robert J. Rosenow, 20, Army, Pfc., La Farge, Wis.

Robert J. Rosenow, 20, Army, Pfc., La Farge, Wis.

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John C. Pape, 25, Army, Capt., Amityville, N.Y.

John C. Pape, 25, Army, Capt., Amityville, N.Y.

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William L. Alexander, 19, Army, SP4, Flint, Mich.

William L. Alexander, 19, Army, SP4, Flint, Mich.

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Jose M. Galarza-Quinones, 21, Army, Pfc., Hato Rey, P.R.

Jose M. Galarza-Quinones, 21, Army, Pfc., Hato Rey, P.R.

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Roy E. Clark, Army, Pfc., Culloden, W. Va.

Roy E. Clark, Army, Pfc., Culloden, W. Va.

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James P. Hickey, 19, Marines, Pfc., West Quincy, Mass.

James P. Hickey, 19, Marines, Pfc., West Quincy, Mass.

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John L. Rosemond, 21, Army, Pfc., Dallas, Texas

John L. Rosemond, 21, Army, Pfc., Dallas, Texas

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Mario Lamelza, 21, Army, Pfc., Philadelphia, Pa.

Mario Lamelza, 21, Army, Pfc., Philadelphia, Pa.

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David Tessmer, 20, Army, Pfc., Wausau, Wis.

David Tessmer, 20, Army, Pfc., Wausau, Wis.

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Johnnie L. Brigman, 23, Army, Pvt., North, S.C.

Johnnie L. Brigman, 23, Army, Pvt., North, S.C.

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Gary A. Wallace, 19, Army, Pfc., Louisville, Ky.

Gary A. Wallace, 19, Army, Pfc., Louisville, Ky.

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Cleveland Browning, 22, Army, Pfc., Miami, Fla.

Cleveland Browning, 22, Army, Pfc., Miami, Fla.

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Charles C. Fleek, 21, Army, Sgt., Petersburg, Ky.

Charles C. Fleek, 21, Army, Sgt., Petersburg, Ky.

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James Patrick Francis, 22, Army, S/Sgt., Napa, Calif.

James Patrick Francis, 22, Army, S/Sgt., Napa, Calif.

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Joe E. Bragg, 20, Army, SP4, Versailles, Ky.

Joe E. Bragg, 20, Army, SP4, Versailles, Ky.

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William C. Gearing Jr., 20, Army, SP5, Rochester, N.Y.

William C. Gearing Jr., 20, Army, SP5, Rochester, N.Y.

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Gary D. Carter, 19, Marines, Cpl., Tyler, Texas

Gary D. Carter, 19, Marines, Cpl., Tyler, Texas

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Matthew T. Lozano Jr., 21, Army, Pfc., San Antonio, Texas

Matthew T. Lozano Jr., 21, Army, Pfc., San Antonio, Texas

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Winston O. Smith, 24, Army, Pfc., Madisonville, Tenn.

Winston O. Smith, 24, Army, Pfc., Madisonville, Tenn.

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Robert B. Read, 24, Army, Pfc., Hamden, Conn.

Robert B. Read, 24, Army, Pfc., Hamden, Conn.

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Mark J. Haverland Jr., 21, Army, Sgt., Poca, W. Va.

Mark J. Haverland Jr., 21, Army, Sgt., Poca, W. Va.

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Ralph J. Mears Jr., 19, Army, SP4, Norfolk, Va.

Ralph J. Mears Jr., 19, Army, SP4, Norfolk, Va.

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Philip W. Strout, 21, Army, SP4, So. Portland, Maine

Philip W. Strout, 21, Army, SP4, So. Portland, Maine

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John A. Gillen, 25, Army, SP4, Broadville, Ill.

John A. Gillen, 25, Army, SP4, Broadville, Ill.

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Edward O'Donovan, 19, Marine, Pfc., Chicago, Ill.

Edward O’Donovan, 19, Marine, Pfc., Chicago, Ill.

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Michael D. Melton, 20, Army, SP4, Little Rock, Ark.

Michael D. Melton, 20, Army, SP4, Little Rock, Ark.

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Melvin Green Jr., 31, Army, S/Sgt., Manhattan, Kan.

Melvin Green Jr., 31, Army, S/Sgt., Manhattan, Kan.

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Gary C. Fassel, 20, Army, Pfc., Buffalo, N.Y.

Gary C. Fassel, 20, Army, Pfc., Buffalo, N.Y.

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John W. Kirchner, 19, Marines, Pfc., La Crosse, Wis.

John W. Kirchner, 19, Marines, Pfc., La Crosse, Wis.

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Keith B. Janke, 26, Army, Sgt., Poplar, Wis.

Keith B. Janke, 26, Army, Sgt., Poplar, Wis.

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William L. Anderson, 18, Army, Sgt., Templeton, Pa.

William L. Anderson, 18, Army, Sgt., Templeton, Pa.

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David L. Mills, 22, Army, SP4, Decatur, Ill.

David L. Mills, 22, Army, SP4, Decatur, Ill.

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Carl R. Martin, 26, Army, SP5, Rapid City, S. Dak.

Carl R. Martin, 26, Army, SP5, Rapid City, S. Dak.

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Daniel L. Pucci, 22, Marines, Cpl., Berea, Ohio

Daniel L. Pucci, 22, Marines, Cpl., Berea, Ohio

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Howe K. Clark Jr., 22, Army, S/Sgt., Rockdale, Texas

Howe K. Clark Jr., 22, Army, S/Sgt., Rockdale, Texas

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Thomas P. Jackson Jr., 23, Army, Pfc., Westbury, N.Y.

Thomas P. Jackson Jr., 23, Army, Pfc., Westbury, N.Y.

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Clifford Haynes Jr., 19, Marines, Pfc., Carnegie, Pa.

Clifford Haynes Jr., 19, Marines, Pfc., Carnegie, Pa.

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Scott E. Saylor, 22, Army, SP4, King of Prussia, Pa.

Scott E. Saylor, 22, Army, SP4, King of Prussia, Pa.

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David R. Mann, 20, Army, SP4, Earlville, Ill.

David R. Mann, 20, Army, SP4, Earlville, Ill.

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Henry R. Hausman Jr., 19, Army, Pfc., Hilliard, Ohio

Henry R. Hausman Jr., 19, Army, Pfc., Hilliard, Ohio

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Robert J. Randall, 19, Army, Pfc., Miami, Fla.

Robert J. Randall, 19, Army, Pfc., Miami, Fla.

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David F. Bukowski, 20, Army, SP4, West Islip, N.Y.

David F. Bukowski, 20, Army, SP4, West Islip, N.Y.

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John M. Vollmerhausen Jr., 18, Army, Pfc., Ft. Lauderdale, Fla.

John M. Vollmerhausen Jr., 18, Army, Pfc., Ft. Lauderdale, Fla.

LIFE Magazine—Time & Life Pictures

David A. Hargens, 19, Army, Pfc., Nickerson, Neb.

David A. Hargens, 19, Army, Pfc., Nickerson, Neb.

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Matthew J. Baurle, 20, Marines, L. Cpl., Gloversville, N.Y.

Matthew J. Baurle, 20, Marines, L. Cpl., Gloversville, N.Y.

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Richard F. DuBois, 20, Marines, L. Cpl., New Orleans, La.

Richard F. DuBois, 20, Marines, L. Cpl., New Orleans, La.

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Duane C. Bowen, 20, Army, SP4, Ramona, Calif.

Duane C. Bowen, 20, Army, SP4, Ramona, Calif.

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John N. McCarthy, 20, Army, SP4, Glen Cove, N.Y.

John N. McCarthy, 20, Army, SP4, Glen Cove, N.Y.

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Andrew W. Rice Jr., 20, Navy, GMG3, Bedford, Pa.

Andrew W. Rice Jr., 20, Navy, GMG3, Bedford, Pa.

LIFE Magazine—Time & Life Pictures

Byrle B. Bailey, 19, Marines, Pfc., Omaha, Neb.

Byrle B. Bailey, 19, Marines, Pfc., Omaha, Neb.

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Charles P. Smith Jr., 20, Army, Pfc., Richmond, Va.

Charles P. Smith Jr., 20, Army, Pfc., Richmond, Va.

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Robert H. Carter Jr., 35, Army, Lt. Col., Morganton, N.C.

Robert H. Carter Jr., 35, Army, Lt. Col., Morganton, N.C.

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Stephen L. McCarvel, 19, Army, Sgt., Great Falls, Mont.

Stephen L. McCarvel, 19, Army, Sgt., Great Falls, Mont.

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Jackie D. Bass, 21, Army, Pfc., Cochran, Ga.

Jackie D. Bass, 21, Army, Pfc., Cochran, Ga.

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William A. Evans, 20, Army, Sgt., Milwaukee, Wis.

William A. Evans, 20, Army, Sgt., Milwaukee, Wis.

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Richard L. Patterson, 25, Army, 2nd Lt., Harriman, Tenn.

Richard L. Patterson, 25, Army, 2nd Lt., Harriman, Tenn.

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Robert W. Getz, 19, Army, Pfc., Decatur, Ill.

Robert W. Getz, 19, Army, Pfc., Decatur, Ill.

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James Boston Jr., 20, Army, Pfc., Gainesville, Fla.

James Boston Jr., 20, Army, Pfc., Gainesville, Fla.

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Michael F. May, 22, Army, SP4, Vassar, Mich.

Michael F. May, 22, Army, SP4, Vassar, Mich.

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Freddie Lee Coffman, 20, Army, Pfc., Wardensville, W. Va.

Freddie Lee Coffman, 20, Army, Pfc., Wardensville, W. Va.

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Milton S. Johnson, 20, Army, Pfc., Savannah, Ga.

Milton S. Johnson, 20, Army, Pfc., Savannah, Ga.

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Ophrey A. Irvin, 25, Army, SP4, Chillicothe, Ohio

Ophrey A. Irvin, 25, Army, SP4, Chillicothe, Ohio

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Thomas W. Myers, 26, Army, Pfc., Middlesex, N.J.

Thomas W. Myers, 26, Army, Pfc., Middlesex, N.J.

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Gary A. Neavor, 25, Army, SP4, Davenport, Iowa

Gary A. Neavor, 25, Army, SP4, Davenport, Iowa

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Clarance Taylor, 25, Army, Pfc., Greensville, Ala.

Clarance Taylor, 25, Army, Pfc., Greensville, Ala.

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Thomas F. Barth, 18, Army, Pfc., Lakewood, Calif.

Thomas F. Barth, 18, Army, Pfc., Lakewood, Calif.

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Ralph A. Vitch, 20, Army, SP4, Tampa, Fla.

Ralph A. Vitch, 20, Army, SP4, Tampa, Fla.

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Patrick M. Hagerty, 19, Army, SP4, Youngstown, Ohio

Patrick M. Hagerty, 19, Army, SP4, Youngstown, Ohio

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Albert J. Cartledge III, 23, Marines, Cpl., Dallas, Texas

Albert J. Cartledge III, 23, Marines, Cpl., Dallas, Texas

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James Drew, 20, Army, SP4, Kansas City, Mo.

James Drew, 20, Army, SP4, Kansas City, Mo.

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Peter S. Borsay, 24, Army, Pfc., Salt Lake City, Utah

Peter S. Borsay, 24, Army, Pfc., Salt Lake City, Utah

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Robert C. Yates, 18, Army, Pfc., Hondo, Texas

Robert C. Yates, 18, Army, Pfc., Hondo, Texas

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Henry L. MacArthur, 18, Army, Pfc., Fuquay Varina, N.C.

Henry L. MacArthur, 18, Army, Pfc., Fuquay Varina, N.C.

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Ronald E. Morgan, 22, Army, Pfc., San Diego, Calif.

Ronald E. Morgan, 22, Army, Pfc., San Diego, Calif.

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Rudy A. Carnley, 23, Army, SP4, Lake Wales, Fla.

Rudy A. Carnley, 23, Army, SP4, Lake Wales, Fla.

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Barry L. Unfried, 20, Marines, Pfc., Oroville, Calif.

Barry L. Unfried, 20, Marines, Pfc., Oroville, Calif.

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Gary R. Clodfelter, 20, Army, SP4, High Point, N.C.

Gary R. Clodfelter, 20, Army, SP4, High Point, N.C.

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Larry D. Muller, 18, Marines, Pfc., Ojai, Calif.

Larry D. Muller, 18, Marines, Pfc., Ojai, Calif.

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James A. Wright, 21, Army, SP4, Boring, Ore.

James A. Wright, 21, Army, SP4, Boring, Ore.

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William W. Olsen, 22, Army, Sgt., Pocatello, Idaho

William W. Olsen, 22, Army, Sgt., Pocatello, Idaho

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Robert F. Rose, 19, Army, SP4, Ashland, Ore.

Robert F. Rose, 19, Army, SP4, Ashland, Ore.

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Michael K.L. Dixon, 19, Army, Pfc., Hawthorne, Calif.

Michael K.L. Dixon, 19, Army, Pfc., Hawthorne, Calif.

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Edward T. Kiezkowski, 20, Army, SP4, Butler, Pa.

Edward T. Kiezkowski, 20, Army, SP4, Butler, Pa.

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David J. Ewing, 20, Army, SP5, Bloomfield Hills, Mich.

David J. Ewing, 20, Army, SP5, Bloomfield Hills, Mich.

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Kenneth D. Pettigrew, 19, Army, Pfc., Redding, Calif.

Kenneth D. Pettigrew, 19, Army, Pfc., Redding, Calif.

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Warren Nix, 26, Army, Pfc., Tuscon, Ariz.

Warren Nix, 26, Army, Pfc., Tuscon, Ariz.

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Terry D. Clark, 18, Army, Pfc., Wallace, N.C.

Terry D. Clark, 18, Army, Pfc., Wallace, N.C.

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Jimmy W. Phipps, 18, Marines, Pfc., Culver City, Calif.

Jimmy W. Phipps, 18, Marines, Pfc., Culver City, Calif.

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Curtis Breedlove, 31, Army, 2nd Lt., Bryson City, N.C.

Curtis Breedlove, 31, Army, 2nd Lt., Bryson City, N.C.

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Forrest L. Smith, 27, Army, S/Sgt., Columbus, Ga.

Forrest L. Smith, 27, Army, S/Sgt., Columbus, Ga.

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Isaac Sapp, 21, Marines, Pfc., Williston, S.C.

Isaac Sapp, 21, Marines, Pfc., Williston, S.C.

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David L. Tiffany, 19, Army, SP5, Riverside, Calif.

David L. Tiffany, 19, Army, SP5, Riverside, Calif.

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William W. Smith, 21, Army, Pfc., King City, Mo.

William W. Smith, 21, Army, Pfc., King City, Mo.

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Calvin E. Cooper, 20, Marines, Pfc., Kingstree, S.C.

Calvin E. Cooper, 20, Marines, Pfc., Kingstree, S.C.

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Gary R. Guest, 22, Marines, Cpl., Dorchester, Mass.

Gary R. Guest, 22, Marines, Cpl., Dorchester, Mass.

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Thomas R. Bliss, 20, Marines, L. Cpl., York, Pa.

Thomas R. Bliss, 20, Marines, L. Cpl., York, Pa.

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Clovis L. May, 24, Army, Sgt., Deming, N. Mex.

Clovis L. May, 24, Army, Sgt., Deming, N. Mex.

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Dennis L. Babcock, 19, Army, Pfc., Pacific Grove, Calif.

Dennis L. Babcock, 19, Army, Pfc., Pacific Grove, Calif.

Life Pictures

Donald J. Deevers, 19, Army, Pfc., Hinton, Okla.

Donald J. Deevers, 19, Army, Pfc., Hinton, Okla.

Life Pictures

Douglas J. Sommer, 18, Army, Pfc., Kearns, Utah

Douglas J. Sommer, 18, Army, Pfc., Kearns, Utah

Life Pictures

Joe T. Conkle, 25, Army, 1st Lt., Hampton, Ga.

Joe T. Conkle, 25, Army, 1st Lt., Hampton, Ga.

Life Pictures

Elmer E. Fields, 20, Army, Pvt., Fairfax, Okla.

Elmer E. Fields, 20, Army, Pvt., Fairfax, Okla.

Life Pictures

Jeffrey A. Richardson, 20, Army, Pfc., Red Lion, Pa.

Jeffrey A. Richardson, 20, Army, Pfc., Red Lion, Pa.

Life Pictures

Russel Evans, 20, Army, Pfc., Sylvania, Ga.

Russel Evans, 20, Army, Pfc., Sylvania, Ga.

Life Pictures

Emmett L. Davis, 18, Army, Pfc., Lakeland, Fla.

Emmett L. Davis, 18, Army, Pfc., Lakeland, Fla.

Life Pictures

Charles A. Jones, 29, Army, Sfc., Modesto, Calif.

Charles A. Jones, 29, Army, Sfc., Modesto, Calif.

Life Pictures

John H. Platt, 20, Army, Pfc., Early, Iowa

John H. Platt, 20, Army, Pfc., Early, Iowa

Life Pictures

Chris R. Martinez, 21, Army, Cpl., Alameda, Calif.

Chris R. Martinez, 21, Army, Cpl., Alameda, Calif.

Life Pictures

James M. Leonard, 20, Army, Sgt., Edmond, Okla.

James M. Leonard, 20, Army, Sgt., Edmond, Okla.

Life Pictures

Michael M. Hatzell, 19, Army, Pfc., San Jose, Calif.

Michael M. Hatzell, 19, Army, Pfc., San Jose, Calif.

Life Pictures

Thomas E. Hays, 20, Army, WO, Oklahoma City, Okla.

Thomas E. Hays, 20, Army, WO, Oklahoma City, Okla.

Life Pictures

Iran C. Brown, 19, Marines, L. Cpl., Roanoke, Va.

Iran C. Brown, 19, Marines, L. Cpl., Roanoke, Va.

Life Pictures

Ralford J. Jackson, 20, Marines, Pfc., Tuba City, Ariz.

Ralford J. Jackson, 20, Marines, Pfc., Tuba City, Ariz.

Life Pictures

Timothy K.P. Foster, 18, Marines, Pvt., Honolulu, Hawaii

Timothy K.P. Foster, 18, Marines, Pvt., Honolulu, Hawaii

Life Pictures

Virgil V. Hamilton, 20, Army, SP4, Brooksville, Fla.

Virgil V. Hamilton, 20, Army, SP4, Brooksville, Fla.

Life Pictures

Donny R. Lawson, 21, Marines, L. Cpl., Grandview, Wash.

Donny R. Lawson, 21, Marines, L. Cpl., Grandview, Wash.

Life Pictures

Clarence Creaghead, 21, Army, SP4, Detroit, Mich.

Clarence Creaghead, 21, Army, SP4, Detroit, Mich.

Life Pictures

Keith A. Kahlstorf, 20, Marines, Pfc., Britt, Iowa

Keith A. Kahlstorf, 20, Marines, Pfc., Britt, Iowa

Life Pictures

Michael A. Powell, 19, Marines, L. Cpt., Atlanta, Ga.

Michael A. Powell, 19, Marines, L. Cpt., Atlanta, Ga.

Life Pictures

Byron B. Bowden, 21, Army, SP4, Arcata, Calif.

Byron B. Bowden, 21, Army, SP4, Arcata, Calif.

Life Pictures

Chris M. Pyle, 21, Navy, HM2, Hardesty, Okla.

Chris M. Pyle, 21, Navy, HM2, Hardesty, Okla.

Life Pictures

Patrick M. Dixon, 23, Army, 1st Lt., Dixon, Ill.

Patrick M. Dixon, 23, Army, 1st Lt., Dixon, Ill.

Life Pictures

Joseph C. Chisholm, 24, Army, SP4, Union Lake, Mich.

Joseph C. Chisholm, 24, Army, SP4, Union Lake, Mich.

Life Pictures

Robert A. Pitts, 21, Army, Pfc., Galveston, Texas

Robert A. Pitts, 21, Army, Pfc., Galveston, Texas

Life Pictures

Albert O. Nelson Jr., 20, Marines, 2nd Lt., Alexandria, Va.

Albert O. Nelson Jr., 20, Marines, 2nd Lt., Alexandria, Va.

Life Pictures

Gary McCollough, 20, Army, Pfc., Charlotte, N.C.

Gary McCollough, 20, Army, Pfc., Charlotte, N.C.

Life Pictures

Charles D. Ervin, 18, Marines, Pfc., Lamont, Okla.

Charles D. Ervin, 18, Marines, Pfc., Lamont, Okla.

Life Pictures

James Titmas III, 19, Army, Pfc., Glendale, Calif.

James Titmas III, 19, Army, Pfc., Glendale, Calif.

Life Pictures

William J. Thornhill, 20, Army, Pvt., Baltimore, Md.

William J. Thornhill, 20, Army, Pvt., Baltimore, Md.

Life Pictures

John M. Randall, 20, Army, SP4, Phoenix, Ariz.

John M. Randall, 20, Army, SP4, Phoenix, Ariz.

Life Pictures

Max Lisenby, 21, Marines, Cpl., Lawton, Okla.

Max Lisenby, 21, Marines, Cpl., Lawton, Okla.

Life Pictures

Gail G. Sanderson, 19, Marines, Pvt., Anthon, Iowa

Gail G. Sanderson, 19, Marines, Pvt., Anthon, Iowa

Life Pictures

Robert P. Scibilia, 21, Army, SP4, Nashua, N.H.

Robert P. Scibilia, 21, Army, SP4, Nashua, N.H.

Life Pictures

William A. Seigle, 20, Army, Pfc., Sapulpa, Okla.

William A. Seigle, 20, Army, Pfc., Sapulpa, Okla.

Life Pictures

Gerald W. Posten, 20, Army, Pfc., Placerville, Calif.

Gerald W. Posten, 20, Army, Pfc., Placerville, Calif.

Life Pictures

Howard S. Hill, 22, Army, Sgt., Irwin, Pa.

Howard S. Hill, 22, Army, Sgt., Irwin, Pa.

Life Pictures

David W. Kinney, 20, Army, Pfc., Charleston, W. Va.

David W. Kinney, 20, Army, Pfc., Charleston, W. Va.

Life Pictures

Ernest C. Munoz, 36, Marines, S/Sgt., San Antonio, Texas

Ernest C. Munoz, 36, Marines, S/Sgt., San Antonio, Texas

Life Pictures

Cordell B. Rogers, 30, Army, Capt., Remsen, Iowa

Cordell B. Rogers, 30, Army, Capt., Remsen, Iowa

Life Pictures

Larry E. Boyer, 22, Marines, Cpl., Williamstown, W. Va.

Larry E. Boyer, 22, Marines, Cpl., Williamstown, W. Va.

Life Pictures

Ronald A. Brown, 20, Army, Sgt., Huntington Park, Calif.

Ronald A. Brown, 20, Army, Sgt., Huntington Park, Calif.

Life Pictures

John Winters, 18, Marines, L. Cpl., Clark, N.J.

John Winters, 18, Marines, L. Cpl., Clark, N.J.

Life Pictures

Floyd E. Barber, 23, Army, SP4, Franklin, Ohio

Floyd E. Barber, 23, Army, SP4, Franklin, Ohio

Life Pictures

Marvin C. Briss, 20, Army, SP4, Binford, N. Dak.

Marvin C. Briss, 20, Army, SP4, Binford, N. Dak.

Life Pictures

Garey L. Grubbs, 20, Army, Pfc., Denver, Colo.

Garey L. Grubbs, 20, Army, Pfc., Denver, Colo.

Life Pictures

Merlin J. Laber, 21, Army, SP4, Sykeston, N. Dak.

Merlin J. Laber, 21, Army, SP4, Sykeston, N. Dak.

Life Pictures

John M. Hohman, 22, Army, CW2, Leominster, Mass.

John M. Hohman, 22, Army, CW2, Leominster, Mass.

Life Pictures

Gordon D. Perry, 19, Marines, Pfc., Morgantown, W. Va.

Gordon D. Perry, 19, Marines, Pfc., Morgantown, W. Va.

Life Pictures

James J. Wise, 20, Army, SP4, Detroit, Mich.

James J. Wise, 20, Army, SP4, Detroit, Mich.

Life Pictures

Robert T. Bensberg, 28, Army, Capt., Columbus, Ga.

Robert T. Bensberg, 28, Army, Capt., Columbus, Ga.

Life Pictures

Kenneth M. Seward, 22, Army, SP5, Greeley, Colo.

Kenneth M. Seward, 22, Army, SP5, Greeley, Colo.

Life Pictures

Edward Frowner, 20, Army, Sgt., Manila, Ala.

Edward Frowner, 20, Army, Sgt., Manila, Ala.

Life Pictures

James S. Colombero, 24, Army, SP5, McCloud, Calif.

James S. Colombero, 24, Army, SP5, McCloud, Calif.

Life Pictures

Donald P. Seburg Jr., 19, Army, Pfc., Jackson, Mich.

Donald P. Seburg Jr., 19, Army, Pfc., Jackson, Mich.

Life Pictures

Milford E. Cobb, 33, Army, S/Sgt., Tempe, Ariz.

Milford E. Cobb, 33, Army, S/Sgt., Tempe, Ariz.

Life Pictures

Ronald A. Yashack, 21, Army, Pfc., Diagonal, Iowa

Ronald A. Yashack, 21, Army, Pfc., Diagonal, Iowa

Life Pictures

Edison R. Phillips, 19, Army, Pfc., Plymouth, Pa.

Edison R. Phillips, 19, Army, Pfc., Plymouth, Pa.

Life Pictures

Gary C. Towle, 26, Army, Pfc., Concord, N.H.

Gary C. Towle, 26, Army, Pfc., Concord, N.H.

Life Pictures

Douglas R. Matheson, 20, Army, Sgt., Columbiaville, Mich.

Douglas R. Matheson, 20, Army, Sgt., Columbiaville, Mich.

Life Pictures

Santiago V. E. Quintana, 20, Army, Pfc., Santa Fe, N. Mex.

Santiago V. E. Quintana, 20, Army, Pfc., Santa Fe, N. Mex.

Life Pictures

Charles A. Hilbert, 20, Army, Pfc., Parksville, Ky.

Charles A. Hilbert, 20, Army, Pfc., Parksville, Ky.

Life Pictures

Robert L. Anderson, 21, Army, Cpl., Middletown, N.Y.

Robert L. Anderson, 21, Army, Cpl., Middletown, N.Y.

Life Pictures

James Troy Ralph, 21, Army, SP4, Hobart, Ind.

James Troy Ralph, 21, Army, SP4, Hobart, Ind.

Life Pictures

Orville Hampton, 37, Army, S/Sgt., Lawton, Okla.

Orville Hampton, 37, Army, S/Sgt., Lawton, Okla.

Life Pictures

Cris Holliday, 20, Army, Pfc., Meridian, Miss.

Cris Holliday, 20, Army, Pfc., Meridian, Miss.

Life Pictures

Billy W. Pettis, 21, Army, Pfc., Castleberry, Ala.

Billy W. Pettis, 21, Army, Pfc., Castleberry, Ala.

Life Pictures

William H. Darden, 20, Army, Pfc., Lanett, Ala.

William H. Darden, 20, Army, Pfc., Lanett, Ala.

Life Pictures

Jan Rauschkolb, 22, Marines, Cpl., Denver, Colo.

Jan Rauschkolb, 22, Marines, Cpl., Denver, Colo.

Life Pictures

Steven C. Owen, 22, Army, SP4, Long Beach, Calif.

Steven C. Owen, 22, Army, SP4, Long Beach, Calif.

Life Pictures

John W. Abbott, 23, Marines, 1st Lt., South Bend, Ind.

John W. Abbott, 23, Marines, 1st Lt., South Bend, Ind.

Life Pictures

William J. Peterson, 23, Army, 2nd Lt., Ephrata, Wash.

William J. Peterson, 23, Army, 2nd Lt., Ephrata, Wash.

Life Pictures

Wayne E. Garven, 21, Army, Pfc., Mt. Vernon, Ohio

Wayne E. Garven, 21, Army, Pfc., Mt. Vernon, Ohio

Life Pictures

William H. Beske Jr., 21, Army, Pfc., Lathrup Village, Mich.

William H. Beske Jr., 21, Army, Pfc., Lathrup Village, Mich.

Life Pictures

Ralph H. Crowley, 20, Army, Sgt., Remus, Mich.

Ralph H. Crowley, 20, Army, Sgt., Remus, Mich.

Life Pictures

Yvon E. Girouard, 20, Marines, Pfc., Littleton, N.H.

Yvon E. Girouard, 20, Marines, Pfc., Littleton, N.H.

Life Pictures

Errol W. Perreira, 21, Army, Pfc., Hilo, Hawaii

Errol W. Perreira, 21, Army, Pfc., Hilo, Hawaii

Life Pictures

Harold James Warmsley, 24, Army, SP4, Mansfield, La.

Harold James Warmsley, 24, Army, SP4, Mansfield, La.

Life Pictures

Allen M. Graff, 21, Army, Sgt., West Covina, Calif.

Allen M. Graff, 21, Army, Sgt., West Covina, Calif.

Life Pictures

Robert Sigholtz Jr., 23, Army, Capt., Annandale, Va.

Robert Sigholtz Jr., 23, Army, Capt., Annandale, Va.

Life Pictures

Edward F. Clennon, 23, Army, Pfc., Joliet, Ill.

Edward F. Clennon, 23, Army, Pfc., Joliet, Ill.

Life Pictures

Billy L. Thomas, 19, Army, SP4, Stinnett, Texas

Billy L. Thomas, 19, Army, SP4, Stinnett, Texas

Life Pictures

Richard L. Brumfield, 21, Army, Sgt., Denham Springs, La.

Richard L. Brumfield, 21, Army, Sgt., Denham Springs, La.

Life Pictures

Steven K. Sprinkle, 20, Army, SP4, Winston-Salem, N.C.

Steven K. Sprinkle, 20, Army, SP4, Winston-Salem, N.C.

Life Pictures

Steven E. Murray, 19, Army, SP4, Indianapolis, Ind.

Steven E. Murray, 19, Army, SP4, Indianapolis, Ind.

Life Pictures

Euan J. Parker, 22, Army, Pfc., Brigham City, Utah

Euan J. Parker, 22, Army, Pfc., Brigham City, Utah

Life Pictures

Emerson Martin, 21, Marines, Pfc., Gallup, N. Mex.

Emerson Martin, 21, Marines, Pfc., Gallup, N. Mex.

Life Pictures

James D. Johnson, 20, Marines, L. Cpl., Bedford, Texas

James D. Johnson, 20, Marines, L. Cpl., Bedford, Texas

Life Pictures

Kenneth D. Shoaps, 20, Army, Sgt., Grosse Pointe Woods, Mich.

Kenneth D. Shoaps, 20, Army, Sgt., Grosse Pointe Woods, Mich.

Life Pictures

Joey L. Boles, 21, Army, Pfc., Winchester, Ky.

Joey L. Boles, 21, Army, Pfc., Winchester, Ky.

Life Pictures

Bobby G. Newby, 21, Army, Pfc., Winchester, Ky.

Bobby G. Newby, 21, Army, Pfc., Winchester, Ky.

Life Pictures

Thomas B. Paynter, 21, Army, SP4, Seattle, Wash.

Thomas B. Paynter, 21, Army, SP4, Seattle, Wash.

Life Pictures

James F. Hilliard, 23, Army, Sgt., Kalamazoo, Mich.

James F. Hilliard, 23, Army, Sgt., Kalamazoo, Mich.

Life Pictures

Michael E. Gerber, 20, Army, SP4, Conway Springs, Kan.

Michael E. Gerber, 20, Army, SP4, Conway Springs, Kan.

Life Pictures

Donald W. Ide, 25, Army, 1st Lt., Beirut, Lebanon

Donald W. Ide, 25, Army, 1st Lt., Beirut, Lebanon

Life Pictures

Gary M. Paul, 19, Marines, L. Cpl., Norway, Mich.

Gary M. Paul, 19, Marines, L. Cpl., Norway, Mich.

Life Pictures

Gary W. Leighton, 19, Marines, Pfc., Washington, Pa.

Gary W. Leighton, 19, Marines, Pfc., Washington, Pa.

Life Pictures

Derrill L. Price Jr., 20, Army, SP4, El Dorado Springs, Mo.

Derrill L. Price Jr., 20, Army, SP4, El Dorado Springs, Mo.

Life Pictures

Farrell J. Vice, 21, Army, SP4, Abbeville, La.

Farrell J. Vice, 21, Army, SP4, Abbeville, La.

Life Pictures

Scott E. Cochran, 18, Army, Pfc., Eugene, Ore.

Scott E. Cochran, 18, Army, Pfc., Eugene, Ore.

Life Pictures

Philip L. Gamble Jr., 26, Army, 2nd Lt., Newport, R.I.

Philip L. Gamble Jr., 26, Army, 2nd Lt., Newport, R.I.

Life Pictures

James W. Clark, 21, Army, 1st Lt., Reno, Nev.

James W. Clark, 21, Army, 1st Lt., Reno, Nev.

Life Pictures

Terry V. Miller, 23, Army, Pfc., Ottumwa, Iowa

Terry V. Miller, 23, Army, Pfc., Ottumwa, Iowa

Life Pictures

Herman L. Judy Jr., 23, Army, Pfc., Alexandria, Va.

Herman L. Judy Jr., 23, Army, Pfc., Alexandria, Va.

Life Pictures

James Herbert III, 20, Marines, Pfc., New Orleans, La.

James Herbert III, 20, Marines, Pfc., New Orleans, La.

Life Pictures

Willie L. Kirkland, 20, Army, SP4, Avon Park, Fla.

Willie L. Kirkland, 20, Army, SP4, Avon Park, Fla.

Life Pictures

Thomas A. Nebel, 20, Army, Pfc., Keota, Iowa

Thomas A. Nebel, 20, Army, Pfc., Keota, Iowa

Life Pictures

Jim J. Walters, 20, Marines, Pfc., Sioux City, Iowa

Jim J. Walters, 20, Marines, Pfc., Sioux City, Iowa

Life Pictures

Dick E. Whitney, 22, Army, SP4, Newberg, Ore.

Dick E. Whitney, 22, Army, SP4, Newberg, Ore.

Life Pictures

Robert L. Boese, 22, Army, Pfc., Marion, Kan.

Robert L. Boese, 22, Army, Pfc., Marion, Kan.

Life Pictures

Above: Twenty-five men, killed in one week in the late spring of 1969, who did not have their pictures in the June 27, 1969, issue of LIFE. Use the "full screen" option (at right) for a clearer view of each man's name, age, rank and hometown.

Twenty-five men, killed in one week in the late spring of 1969, who did not have their pictures in the June 27, 1969, issue of LIFE.

Life Pictures

"Vietnam: One Week's Dead," LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

“Vietnam: One Week’s Dead,” LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

Life Pictures

"Vietnam: One Week's Dead," LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

“Vietnam: One Week’s Dead,” LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

Life Pictures

"Vietnam: One Week's Dead," LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

“Vietnam: One Week’s Dead,” LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

Life Pictures

"Vietnam: One Week's Dead," LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

“Vietnam: One Week’s Dead,” LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

Life Pictures

"Vietnam: One Week's Dead," LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

“Vietnam: One Week’s Dead,” LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

Life Pictures

"Vietnam: One Week's Dead," LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

“Vietnam: One Week’s Dead,” LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

Life Pictures

"Vietnam: One Week's Dead," LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

“Vietnam: One Week’s Dead,” LIFE magazine, June 27, 1969.

Life Pictures

Berlin Wall: Photos From the Birth of a Brutal Divide

In the early 1960s, LIFE magazine’s photographers chronicled the construction of the Berlin Wall and, once it was built, its effect on residents living in the newly divided city. The Soviets and East Germans built the Wall, in part, to stop the flight of Eastern Bloc citizens who frequently used Berlin as the point from which they tried to escape to the West. (By the time the Wall was built, an estimated 20 percent of the East German population had fled.)

In its September 8, 1961 issue, LIFE wrote that the newly constructed wall, “up to 20 feet high and tipped with cruel glass splinters, is now an all but permanent barrier between the hapless people in both sectors [of divided Berlin] . . . Communist inhumanity has seldom showed itself more baldly or more brutally than in its Berlin wall and the anguish and indignity it is now working upon the people of Berlin, young and old, East and West.”

With the crude bulwark in place, the ideological divide between Eastern and Western superpowers grew sharper, more frightening and (seemingly) more intractable. Here, LIFE.com offers powerful pictures of the construction and earliest days of the Wall photos that offer a glimpse into an era that today feels at once profoundly alien, and disturbingly familiar.

Liz Ronk edited this gallery for LIFE.com. Follow her on Twitter @lizabethronk.

A hand is seen atop the Berlin Wall

A hand reached above the broken glass-covered top of the Berlin Wall in August 1961.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A West German man boosts up his son to give him a view of the other side of the Berlin Wall.

A West German man boosted up his son to give him a view of the other side of the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A mother and her daughter talk over the Berlin Wall.

A woman, in the foreground, who had escaped to West Berlin, spoke to her mother, who was still in West Berlin.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A West German woman looks out her window onto the Berlin Wall.

A West German woman looked out her window onto the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

U.S. and East German forces face each other across the newly built Berlin Wall

U.S. and East German forces faced each other across the newly built Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A crowd of West Berlin residents watch as an East German policeman patrols the Berlin Wall.

A crowd of West Berlin residents watched as an East German policeman patrolled the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A couple enjoy a West Berlin bar with a view of the Berlin Wall outside.

A couple enjoyed a West Berlin bar with a view of the Berlin Wall outside.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

An East German mason builds up a portion of the Berlin Wall

An East German mason built up a fresh portion of the Berlin Wall in August, 1961.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A crowd of jeering West Berlin youths protests the newly constructed Wall

A crowd of jeering West Berlin youths protested the newly constructed wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Sunlight shines on the barbed wire and blocks of the Berlin Wall

Sunlight shone on the barbed wire and blocks of the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

An East German policeman uses sunlight reflected off a mirror in an attempt to stop photographers from taking pictures.

An East German policeman used sunlight reflected off a mirror in an attempt to stop photographers from taking pictures.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A West Berlin child struggles with a sealed door that has become a part of the Berlin Wall.

A West Berlin child struggled with a sealed door that had become a part of the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

West Berlin children build a pretend Berlin Wall

West Berlin children built a pretend Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

West Three West Berlin police officers get ready to start their shifts on guard duty at the Berlin Wall.

Three West Berlin police officers jumped off a truck, ready to start their shifts on guard duty at the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

An East German teen hides in tall grass awaiting a chance to jump over the Berlin Wall

An East German teen hid in tall grass, awaiting a chance to jump over the Berlin Wall. “Crouching in a tangle of grass in East Berlin,” wrote LIFE when this escape sequence originally ran in he magazine, “and hidden except for his face [barely visible on the left side of the pic], a boy waits to make a break over the wall he must surmount to reach the West. Nearby is a patrol of East German Vopos who will shoot to kill if they see him.”

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

An East German teen makes his way to the West climbing over the Berlin Wall.

An East German teen made his way to the West, climbing over the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

An East German teen escapes over the Berlin Wall to the West

An East German teen escaped over the Berlin Wall to the West.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

West German police look out over the Berlin Wall for potential escapees to the West

West German police looked out over the Berlin Wall for potential escapees to the West.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A Lebanese businessman carries cross in protest at the Berlin Wall

A Lebanese businessman, Edmond Khayat, carried an 85-pound wooden cross to protest the Berlin Wall in October 1961.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Birds rest on barbed wire atop the Berlin Wall

Birds rested on barbed wire atop the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Berlin is seen through barbed wire and rubble

A divided Berlin, seen through barbed wire and rubble in January 1962.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Children chase a ball beside the Berlin Wall

Children chased a ball beside the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A girl plays with a ball at the Berlin Wall.

A girl played with a ball at the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

An East German guard throws a ball back to a child on the West German side of the Berlin Wall in 1962.

An East German guard threw a ball back to a child on the West German side of the Berlin Wall in 1962.

Paul Schutzer/LIFE Pictures/Shutterstock

An East German policeman walks near Checkpoint Charlie in Berlin

An East German policeman walked near Checkpoint Charlie between East and West Berlin in October 1962.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A girl looks through a frosty window at the Berlin Wall

A girl looked through a frosty window at the Berlin Wall.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Silhouettes of West Berliners waving to their relatives on the other side are cast across the Berlin Wall.

The Berlin Wall bore the shadowy silhouettes of West Berliners waving to their relatives on the unseen, Eastern side of the Wall in December 1962.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A divided Berlin is seen through a tangle of barbed wire.

A divided Berlin was seen through a tangle of barbed wire.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Sacred Ground: A Portrait of Arlington National Cemetery

Millions of words have been written about Arlington National Cemetery through the years, but none can ever do justice to the singular atmosphere of the place itself. From its founding in 1866, just a year after the cataclysmic Civil War ended, the 600 acres situated across the Potomac from the Lincoln Memorial have constituted sacred ground for generations of Americans.

Here, LIFE.com offers a series of photographs made at Arlington by George Silk. Never published in LIFE magazine, Silk’s pictures are appropriately quiet, reflective portraits of a small corner of the country that occupies a special, prominent place in the national consciousness.

A bugler plays "Taps" at Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

A bugler played “Taps” at Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Horses pull a caisson through Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

Horses pulled a caisson through Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Arlington National Cemetery 1965

Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Arlington National Cemetery with Washington, DC, in the distance, 1965.

Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Groundskeepers, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

Groundskeepers, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Arlington National Cemetery 1965

Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Digging a grave, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

Digging a grave, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

The original, temporary John F. Kennedy "Eternal Flame," The original, temporary John F. Kennedy "Eternal Flame," 1965.

The original, temporary John F. Kennedy “Eternal Flame,” 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Horses pull a caisson through Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

Horses pulled a caisson through Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Funeral, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

Funeral, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Funeral, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

Funeral, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Arlington National Cemetery 1965

Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Tending a grave, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

Tending a grave, Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Arlington National Cemetery 1965

Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Arlington National Cemetery 1965

Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Arlington National Cemetery 1965

Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Arlington National Cemetery 1965

Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A man rests in the shade at Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

A man rested in the shade at Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A resident squirrel perches on a headstone at Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

A resident squirrel perched on a headstone at Arlington National Cemetery, 1965.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Sudden Death in Vietnam: ‘One Ride With Yankee Papa 13’

In the spring of 1965, within weeks of 3,500 American Marines arriving in Vietnam, a 39-year-old Briton named Larry Burrows began work on a feature for LIFE magazine, chronicling the day-to-day experience of U.S. troops on the ground and in the air in the midst of the rapidly widening war. The photographs in this gallery focus on a calamitous March 31, 1965, helicopter mission; Burrows’ “report from Da Nang,” featuring his pictures and his personal account of the harrowing operation, was published two weeks later as a now-famous cover story in the April 16, 1965, issue of LIFE.

Over the decades, of course, LIFE published dozens of photo essays by some of the 20th century’s greatest photographers. Very few of those essays, however, managed to combine raw intensity and technical brilliance to such powerful effect as “One Ride With Yankee Papa 13” universally regarded as one of the greatest photographic documents to emerge from the war in Vietnam.

Here, LIFE.com presents Burrows’ seminal photo essay in its entirety: all of the photos that appeared in LIFE are here. (Note: In a picture from the article, Burrows mounts a camera to a special rig attached to an M-60 machine gun in helicopter YP13 a.k.a., “Yankee Papa 13.” At the end of this gallery, there are three previously unpublished photographs from Burrows’ 1965 assignment.]

Burrows, LIFE informed its readers, “had been covering the war in Vietnam since 1962 and had flown on scores of helicopter combat missions. On this day he would be riding in [21-year-old crew chief James] Farley’s machine and both were wondering whether the mission would be a no-contact milk run or whether, as had been increasingly the case in recent weeks, the Vietcong would be ready and waiting with .30-caliber machine guns. In a very few minutes Farley and Burrows had their answer.”

The following paragraphs lifted directly from LIFE illustrate the vivid, visceral writing that accompanied Burrows’ astonishing images, including Burrows’ own words, transcribed from an audio recording made shortly after the 1965 mission:

“The Vietcong dug in along the tree line, were just waiting for us to come into the landing zone,” Burrows reported. “We were all like sitting ducks and their raking crossfire was murderous. Over the intercom system one pilot radioed Colonel Ewers, who was in the lead ship: ‘Colonel! We’re being hit.’ Back came the reply: ‘We’re all being hit. If your plane is flyable, press on.’

“We did,” Burrows continued, “hurrying back to a pickup point for another load of troops. On our next approach to the landing zone, our pilot, Capt. Peter Vogel, spotted Yankee Papa 3 down on the ground. Its engine was still on and the rotors turning, but the ship was obviously in trouble. “Why don’t they lift off?’ Vogel muttered over the intercom. Then he set down our ship nearby to see what the trouble was.

“[Twenty-year-old gunner, Pfc. Wayne] Hoilien was pouring machine-gun fire at a second V.C. gun position at the tree line to our left. Bullet holes had ripped both left and right of his seat. The plexiglass had been shot out of the cockpit and one V.C. bullet had nicked our pilot’s neck. Our radio and instruments were out of commission. We climbed and climbed fast the hell out of there. Hoilien was still firing gunbursts at the tree line.”

Not until YP13 pulled away and out of range of enemy fire were Farley and Hoilien able to leave their guns and give medical attention to the two wounded men from YP3. The co-pilot, 1st Lt. James Magel, was in bad shape. When Farley and Hoilien eased off his flak vest, they exposed a major wound just below his armpit. “Magel’s face registered pain,” Burrows reported, “and his lips moved slightly. But if he said anything it was drowned out by the noise of the copter. He looked pale and I wondered how long he could hold on. Farley began bandaging Magel’s wound. The wind from the doorway kept whipping the bandages across his face. Then blood started to come from his nose and mouth and a glazed look came into his eyes. Farley tried mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, but Magel was dead. Nobody said a word.”

In his searing, deeply sympathetic portrait of young men fighting for their lives at the very moment America is ramping up its involvement in Southeast Asia, Larry Burrows’ work anticipates the scope and the dire, lethal arc of the entire war in Vietnam.

Six years after “Yankee Papa 13” ran in LIFE, Burrows was killed, along with three other journalists Henri Huet, Kent Potter and Keisaburo Shimamoto when a helicopter in which they were flying was shot down over Laos in February, 1971. He was 44 years old.

Lance Cpl. James C. Farley, helicopter crew chief, yells to his pilot while in flight after a firefight in Vietnam, 1965.

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Yankee Papa 13 crew chief James Farley carries M-60 machine guns to the helicopter.

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

James Farley takes a fancy to a bush hat and models it in the street, Da Nang, March 1961.

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Inside a helicopter in Vietnam, 1965

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Lance Cpl. James C. Farley, helicopter crew chief, Vietnam, 1965.

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

LIFE_unpublished_slide

A Larry Burrows photograph from Vietnam, March, 1965, not published in the original "Yankee Papa 13" LIFE photo essay.

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A Larry Burrows photograph from Vietnam, March, 1965, not published in the original "Yankee Papa 13" LIFE photo essay.

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

A Larry Burrows photograph from Vietnam, March, 1965, not published in the original "Yankee Papa 13" LIFE photo essay.

Vietnam War, LIFE Magazine, Yankee Papa 13

Larry Burrows Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

JFK: Portraits of a Political Superstar, 1947-1963

Not many public figures from the middle part of the 20th century are as closely identified with LIFE magazine as John Fitzgerald Kennedy. From his days as a decorated war hero in the late 1940s, through his years as a senator, into the White House and up until the very moment of his assassination, LIFE photographers spent an enormous amount of time (and film) on the ambitious Democrat from Massachusetts.

That he married a woman as magnetic and stylish as the former Jacqueline Bouvier essentially guaranteed that the two young cultural and political icons would never be absent from the weekly’s pages for long.

Here, LIFE.com features a series of photographs some classics, some rare, that were made during the decade and a half when John Kennedy was on his way to becoming, for a time, the most powerful person on earth.

Buy the LIFE book, The Day Kennedy Died

Liz Ronk edited this gallery for LIFE.com. Follow her on Twitter @lizabethronk.

Rep. John F. Kennedy, 1947.

Rep. John F. Kennedy, 1947

Al Fenn/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Senatorial candidate John F. Kennedy attends a tea party given by female supporters, 1952.

Senatorial candidate John F. Kennedy attended a tea party given by female supporters, 1952.

Yale Joel/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Sen. John Kennedy in Cape Cod with his fiancee, Jacqueline Bouvier, 1953.

Sen. John Kennedy in Cape Cod with his fiancee, Jacqueline Bouvier, 1953.

Hy Peskin Collection

John and Jackie Kennedy at their wedding reception, September 1953.

John and Jackie Kennedy at their wedding reception, September 1953.

Lisa Larsen/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Senator John F. Kennedy, 1957.

Senator John F. Kennedy, 1957.

Hank Walker/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

John and Robert Kennedy at a hearing of a Senate select committee on labor racketeering, 1957.

John and Robert Kennedy at a hearing of a Senate select committee on labor racketeering, 1957.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Sen. John Kennedy plays football with his nephew, Bobby Jr., at his brother Robert's Hickory Hill, Va., home, 1957.

Sen. John Kennedy played football with his nephew, Bobby Jr., at his brother Robert’s Hickory Hill, Va., home, 1957.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

John and Jackie Kennedy with their baby daughter, Caroline, in their Georgetown home, 1958.

John and Jackie Kennedy with their baby daughter, Caroline, in their Georgetown home, 1958.

Nina Leen/ Life Pictures/Shutterstock

John Kennedy with his daughter Caroline in 1958.

John Kennedy with his daughter Caroline in 1958.

Ed Clark/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

In a picture that he later called his favorite photo of himself, Senator John F. Kennedy walks the dunes near Hyannis Port, Mass., 1959.

In a picture that he later called his favorite photo of himself, Senator John F. Kennedy walked the dunes near Hyannis Port, Mass., 1959.

Mark Shaw/mptvimages.com

Presidential candidate John F. Kennedy leaps from a car while campaigning, 1960.

JFK Campaigning, 1960.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

John F. Kennedy gives a speech while standing on a kitchen chair in West Virginia's coal country, 1960.

John F. Kennedy gave a speech while standing on a kitchen chair in West Virginia’s coal country, 1960.

Hank Walker/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Sen. John Kennedy campaigns in West Virginia, 1960.

Kennedy campaigned in West Virginia, 1960.

Hank Walker/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Democratic National Convention, Los Angeles, 1960.

Democratic National Convention, Los Angeles, 1960

Ralph Crane/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

John and Robert Kennedy confer in a Los Angeles hotel suite during the 1960 Democratic National Convention.

John and Robert Kennedy conferred in a Los Angeles hotel suite during the 1960 Democratic National Convention.

Hank Walker/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

John F. Kennedy rides in a car with his wife Jackie upon his return home from Democratic National Convention in 1960.

John F. Kennedy rode in a car with his wife Jackie upon his return home from Democratic National Convention in 1960.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Sen. John Kennedy with his young daughter Caroline at home after he was named the Democratic Party presidential candidate in 1960.

Sen. John Kennedy with his young daughter Caroline at home after he was named the Democratic Party presidential candidate in 1960.

Alfred Eisenstaedt/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Sen. John F. Kennedy on a private plane during his presidential campaign, 1960.

Sen. John F. Kennedy on a private plane during his presidential campaign, 1960.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Young female supporters of Sen. John F. Kennedy await his arrival at a campaign appearance in Michigan, 1960.

Young female supporters of Sen. John F. Kennedy awaited his arrival at a campaign appearance in Michigan, 1960.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Senator John F. Kennedy checks over a speech at a stop during his presidential campaign, 1960.

Senator John F. Kennedy checked over a speech at a stop during his presidential campaign, 1960.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Presidential candidates John F. Kennedy and Richard M. Nixon at the time of their famous television debates, 1960.

Presidential candidates John F. Kennedy and Richard M. Nixon at the time of their famous television debates, 1960.

Ed Clark/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

John Kennedy on the campaign trail, 1960.

John Kennedy on the campaign trail, 1960.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President-elect John F. Kenned, his wife Jackie and others walking to JFK's inauguration, January 1961.

President-elect John F. Kenned, his wife Jackie and others walked to JFK’s inauguration, January 1961.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

Marian Anderson sings at President John F. Kennedy's inauguration, 1961.

Marian Anderson sang at President John F. Kennedy’s inauguration, 1961.

George Silk/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President Harry Truman signs President John Kennedy's program at a luncheon after JFK's inauguration, 1961.

President Harry Truman signed President John Kennedy’s program at a luncheon after JFK’s inauguration, 1961.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President John F. Kennedy and his wife Jaqueline in their box at his Inaugural Ball, January 1961.

President John F. Kennedy and his wife Jaqueline in their box at his Inaugural Ball, January 1961.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President John F. Kennedy in the Oval Office, 1961.

President John F. Kennedy in the Oval Office, 1961.

Cornell Capa Magnum

Boyd Leedom (a member of the National Labor Relations Board), President John F. Kennedy, Senator Frank W. Carlson, the Rev. Billy Graham and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, 1961.

Boyd Leedom (a member of the National Labor Relations Board), President John F. Kennedy, Senator Frank W. Carlson, the Rev. Billy Graham and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, 1961.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President John Kennedy tossed out the first ball of the season at a baseball game, 1961.

President John Kennedy tossed out the first ball of the season at a baseball game, 1961.

Joe Scherschel/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President John Kennedy pins NASA's Distinguished Service Medal on Alan Shepard's chest, 1961.

President John Kennedy pinned NASA’s Distinguished Service Medal on Alan Shepard’s chest, 1961.

Joe Scherschel/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President John F. Kennedy meets with former President Dwight Eisenhower at Camp David in the midst of the Bay of Pigs crisis, 1961.

President John F. Kennedy met with former President Dwight Eisenhower at Camp David in the midst of the Bay of Pigs crisis, 1961.

Ed Clark/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

John F. Kennedy in the White House, 1961.

John F. Kennedy in the White House, 1961.

Paul Schutzer/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

People in a department store watch as President John Kennedy announces a blockade of Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962.

People in a department store watched as President John Kennedy announced a blockade of Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962.

Ralph Crane/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

During a visit to West Germany President John F. Kennedy looked over a section of the Berlin Wall, June 1963.

During a visit to West Germany President John F. Kennedy looked over a section of the Berlin Wall, June 1963.

John Dominis Time & Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President John Kennedy signs autographs during his landmark visit to Ireland in June 1963.

President John Kennedy signed autographs during his landmark visit to Ireland in June 1963.

John Dominis/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

President John Kennedy and Attorney General Robert Kennedy (standing at window) in the Oval Office, 1962.

President John Kennedy and Attorney General Robert Kennedy (standing at window) in the Oval Office, 1962.

Art Rickerby/Life Pictures/Shutterstock

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